Electrochemical Exfoliation of Graphene in Aqueous Media

The current study presents a promising bulk approach to synthesizing low-defect graphene using the electrochemical exfoliation technique in an aqueous medium, where an applied voltage generates SO₄^2- ions that intercalate between the stacked graphite layers, forming gaseous species that broaden the interlayer spacing and exfoliate graphene sheets. Additionally, the incorporation of an elevated temperature of 75°C further intensifies the reaction rate, which enhances the production efficiency and reduces the overall latency. This method presents a simple and environmentally sustainable approach for graphene synthesis, highlighting its potential for green chemistry applications. Characterizations like XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, EDS, TEM, and UV-Visible studies confirm the formation of good-quality graphene, accompanied by the least number of layers of graphene. Our findings demonstrate a high production yield and noticeably large crystallite size, which makes it a great contender for energy storage and sensor applications. This study provides valuable insights into advanced materials synthesis, laying the groundwork for future research and the development of applications-oriented technologies.